September has always been a month of transformation and milestones in Northern Michigan. From early explorations and territorial changes to the founding of schools and traditions that still thrive today, this month captures a rich slice of the region’s story. Whether it’s the peaceful transfer of Mackinac Island to American control or the birth of beloved fairs and institutions, September’s history reflects the resilience, innovation, and community spirit that define Northern Michigan.
September in Northern Michigan History
September 1, 1796 – Mackinac Island becomes part of U.S.
On this day, British forces finally evacuated Fort Mackinac after holding it for 13 years following the Treaty of Paris. British Lieutenant Andrew Foster signed the fort’s inventory and lowered the Union Jack for the last time, ending British control in the Northwest Territory. American Major Henry Burbeck then raised the Stars and Stripes, marking a peaceful but pivotal transfer of power.
September 3, 1783 – Britain cedes Isle Royale to the U.S.
The Treaty of Paris officially ended the Revolutionary War and ceded Isle Royale to the United States. However, Britain delayed its withdrawal to protect fur trade interests. The transfer was complicated by British reluctance and the Ojibwa people’s own claims, making Isle Royale’s handover a slow and complex process.
September 4, 1961 – Last train to Mackinaw City
Michigan’s Northern Arrow passenger train made its final summer trip, closing the chapter on rail travel that once brought thousands of vacationers north. This train was part of the Grand Rapids & Indiana Railroad’s “Fishing Line,” which linked cities across the Midwest to northern resorts and Mackinac Island. The train’s retirement marked the end of an era in Michigan tourism.
September 8, 1896 – America’s first Finnish college founded in Hancock
Suomi College opened its doors with just 27 students, aiming to train Lutheran ministers and preserve Finnish culture. Founded by pastor J.K. Nikander, it was the first Finnish college in the U.S. Over time, Suomi grew into Finlandia University, with Old Main becoming a cultural landmark even after the university closed in 2023.
September 10, 1913 – Big Annie arrested in Copper Country strike
Anna “Big Annie” Clemenc was jailed during a miners’ strike protest in Calumet, Michigan. Standing over six feet tall, she refused to move when police ordered her off the street, asserting her right to support the strike and keep out strikebreakers. Her arrest made her a national symbol of labor activism during the Copper Country Strike of 1913–1914.
September 15, 1886 – Michigan Mining School holds first classes
Classes began in a fire hall in Houghton with just twenty-three students and four faculty members. This modest start laid the foundation for what would become Michigan Technological University, a leader in engineering and applied sciences. The school’s growth reflects the region’s industrial spirit and educational commitment.
September 16, 1960 – Construction begins on the Sault Ste. Marie International Bridge
Work started on the 2.8-mile steel truss arch bridge connecting Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan, and Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario. This joint U.S.-Canada project replaced ferry crossings and became a vital link for commerce, tourism, and daily travel. When it opened in 1962, the bridge symbolized cross-border cooperation and connectivity.
September 17, 1928 – First Upper Peninsula State Fair
The inaugural Upper Peninsula State Fair opened in Escanaba to promote agriculture and industry with just a 50-cent admission. The fair quickly became a community staple featuring livestock, timber sports, music, and food. Nearly a century later, it continues to celebrate U.P. culture and resilience.
September 17, 1951 – Northwestern Michigan College holds first classes
With 65 students and six staff, NMC opened in a borrowed airport terminal, reflecting determination and community support. It has since grown into a thriving multi-campus institution with programs like the Great Lakes Maritime Academy. The college remains deeply connected to its grassroots origins.
September 19, 1844 – Marquette Range of iron ore discovered
William Austin Burt’s surveying team uncovered vast iron ore deposits that sparked a mining boom in the Upper Peninsula. This discovery led to the development of mines like Jackson Mine and the growth of towns such as Negaunee. The Marquette Iron Range fueled the nation’s steel industry for over 160 years.
September 22, 1688 – Louis de Lahontan leaves Fort Michilimackinac to explore the west
Baron Louis de Lahontan set out on a 240-day journey with Ottawa guides, exploring the Great Lakes region and beyond. He mapped waterways including the Mississippi and claimed to discover the mythical “Long River.” His detailed journals offered valuable insights into Indigenous cultures and the region’s geography.
September 23, 1967 – Coho salmon fishing disaster on Lake Michigan
A sudden squall struck during the coho salmon run, capsizing over 150 boats and killing at least 8 anglers. This tragic storm remains one of the worst fishing disasters in Michigan history. The event prompted lasting changes in lake safety and fishing regulations.
September 27, 1962 – Big Rock Point Nuclear Power Plant begins operation
Michigan’s first nuclear power plant went online near Charlevoix, marking a new era in energy production. The facility also produced medical isotopes, contributing to healthcare advancements. Nearby, the 1971 B-52 bomber crash added a somber note to the area’s history.
September 29, 1908 – First Northwestern Michigan Fair held
The first Northwestern Michigan Fair opened with a premium book featuring the Northern Michigan Asylum’s Holstein cattle herd. Charging just twenty-five cents a day, the fair promoted agriculture and education. It has since become a cherished regional tradition celebrating Michigan’s farming heritage.
September’s history in Northern Michigan showcases a region shaped by peaceful transitions, bold exploration, educational milestones, and community celebrations. The stories of labor struggles, industrial breakthroughs, and cultural preservation all remind us of the enduring spirit that defines this unique part of the state. As these events from the past continue to resonate today, they invite us to appreciate how Northern Michigan’s history lives on in its people and places.
